ALWAYS SAY "I CAN" YOU WILL SOON BECOME AN "ICON".............
THERE IS ALWAYS A LEGAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BEAUTY AND MONEY……………
ONLY YOU ARE RESPONSIBLE FOR YOUR CAREER……………
SPEAKING ENGLISH WITH MISTAKES IS NOT A MISTAKE BUT IF YOU DON’T EVEN TRY TO SPEAK IN ENGLISH THEN IT IS A BIG MISTAKE………………….
WHEN THERE IS SHY THERE IS DIE…………………… NOT FOR YOU BUT FOR THE ONE WHICH YOU TRY………
THINK BEFORE YOU SPEAK DON’T THINK AFTER YOUR SPEECH……………….
DO LIE AND LIE ON IT......
Monday, March 22, 2010
INTRODUCTION ABOUT ENGLISH
English is currently one of the most widely spoken and written languages worldwide, with some 380 million native speakers. English is spoken by one out of every six people in the world. It is the primary language of the united states, the U.K., Australia, New Zealand and, partly, Canada.
Did you know that over 700 million people speak English, as a foreign language?
The only word in English dictionary that sums up exactly 100 is “attitude”.
The longest word in the English language, according to the oxford English dictionary is pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanokoniosis
“I am”. Is the shortest complete sentence in English language?
The word “set” has more definitions than any other word in the English language.
On reversing the words they spell the same: “Malayalam”, “Liril” and “madam”.
There is a seven – letter word in the English language that contains 10 words without rearranging any of its letters, “therein” – the, there, he, in, rein, her, here, ere, therein, herein.
“Facetious” & “abstemious” contain all the vowels in the correct order
The first word spoken on the moon was "okay."
The name of all the continents end with the same letter that they start with
There is only one word in the English language with three consecutive sets of double letters.... Bookkeeper
There is a word in the English language with only one vowel, which occurs five times: "indivisibility."
There are only 4 words in the English language which end in "duos": tremendous, horrendous, stupendous, and hazardous.
The word "queue" is the only word in the English language that is still pronounced the same way when the last four letters are removed.
The chinese language does not require punctuation.
Only 3 words in the English language end in "ceed": "proceed," "exceed," and "succeed."
No language has more synonyms than English.
Latin is a dead language.
Underground" is the only word in the English language that begins and ends with the letters "und"
"The sixth sick sheik's sixth sheep's sick" is said to be the toughest tongue twister in English .
VOCABULARIES FEW MORE LATEST UPDATES
Astute - cleaver
Blandly -politely
Bugged - bored
Endeavour - try
Evade - escaping
Filthy - dirty
Frantic -mad
Hectic - busy schedule
Havoc - a very critical situation
Integral -essential
Keen - interested
Mocking - false/untrue
Obstacle - obstructing progress
Paralyzed - stunned
Peculiar - unusual
Seductive - tempting attracting
Swarmed - crowded
Turbulence - disturbance
Wrath - anger
Tycoon - a successful business man
Detest - hate
Endurable -tolerable
Significant -meaningful
Fickle -changeable
Articulate -express
Gossip -empty talk
Mentor -role model
Limp -walk lonely
Query -question
Zero hour -dead time
Wind up -closing
Wallet -Gent’s purse
Rave -to talk in a wild manner
Bad lad -villain
Monotonous -un interested
Alien -foreigner
Aristocrat -highest social class
Chuckle- -laugh quietlyBlush- -become red in face
Chuckle -laugh quietly
Outstanding -better than everything
Dimple -small hollow on skin
Fume -smoke
Gulp -swallow greedily
Medley -confusion
Plodding -slow progress
Block -head a stupid fellow
Dullard -a stupid fellow
Mutt -a stupid fellow
Loon -a silly fellow
Abolish -put an end
Abuse -cheating
Cope -manage
Credentials - benefits
Fatigue - tiredness
Furiously - angrily
Illustrate - to make clear
Eloquence - the art of fluent speaking
Obscene - bad pictures
Drench - getting wet
Replica - duplicate
Enigma -something very difficult to explains
Abhor -detest
Loquacious -talking too much
Aroma -a sweet smell
Dog tired -very tired
Absconded -disappeared
Snooze - sleep
Harsh -rough
Tactics -the art of handling a situation with skill
Stuffy -not well ventilated
Rely on -depends on
Federate -join together with a common aim
Dumpish -dull
Limped -walked unevenly
Authority - power
Crisis -a problem
Freaky -jolly type
BODIES OF LETTER WRITING ON VARIOUS ISSUES...........
BODY OF LETTER WRITING
Letter consoling your friend who has lost his mother recently
I have just heard from neighbor that your mother died last Sunday. Had she been ill? or was it a sudden demise? Any how it is shocking news to me. I know about your mother she was a kind and generous woman. But we cannot stop death, my heartfelt condolences to you and your family.
May her soul rest in peace!
PERMISSION LETERS
I am suffering from fever. So I cannot come to school for four days. I request you to grant me leave for four days (from 15th to 18th)
ASKING PERMISSION FOR OBTAINING DUPLICATE CERTIFICATE
I am old student of your great institution. I studied XII STD in your school during 1987-89. I passed it in the first class. I lost the conduct certificate you had given me at the time of my leaving the school. Now I am in need of it as I have to attend an interview for the post of an executive I request you to send me the conduct certificate at an early date
INVITING FOR MARRIAGE
I have enclosed my sisters marriage invitation it takes place on 20.6.98 I request you to attend this function with your family and bless the couple
OFFICIAL LETTERS
INVITING TO INAUGURATE LITERARY ASSOCIATION
We are planning to have the inauguration of the English literary association in our school at 5. Pm on Wednesday 7th jan we shall be happy if, you address us on that occasion I hope there will be no difficulty over this please write to us early about your consent.
LETTER TO BANK MANAGER ABOUT THE LOSS OF YOUR CHEQUE BOOK
I regret to inform you that I lost my brief case yesterday on my way to the office there was a cheque book in it with five unused leaves. The number of the book is 12540 I have given complaints to the police about it I have not received it so far. In case your office come across such cheque leaves bearing my account no 2573 please take immediate action against the respective person.
LETTER TO INSPECTOR FOR THE CASE OF BURGLARY
I have to bring the untoward incident to your knowledge. I hope that you will take necessary action.
My family and I went to attend a function yesterday I locked my house and left. When I returned home at 11.30 at night I was shocked to find all the doors of my house open the iron safe was broken. Jewels to the value of rs.1.00.000 had been stolen
I request you to take immediate action and get the articles restored.
COMPLAINING ABOUT POWER FAILURE
I wish to bring the following to your kind notice for immediate action.
I am living in II cross street. I am writing this complaint on behalf of the residents of the street. There has been constant power failure for ten hours daily for the past six months. There is complete failure on Sundays. The street becomes pitch dark at night. It gives room for pick pocketing, snatching and murder.
Therefore I request you to take immediate action to save us from this suffering.
TO RAILWAY AUTHORITY COMPLAINING ABOUT THE LATE COMING OF TRAINS
We wish to bring the following for your consideration and immediate action.
The train __________ mambalam to beach station passanger daily arrives 30 minutes late. It affects us much. Most of the passenger’s boarding’s at this place are much. Most of the passengers boarding at this place are office goers and students. I request you to take immediate action for the prompt arrival of the train........
Letter consoling your friend who has lost his mother recently
I have just heard from neighbor that your mother died last Sunday. Had she been ill? or was it a sudden demise? Any how it is shocking news to me. I know about your mother she was a kind and generous woman. But we cannot stop death, my heartfelt condolences to you and your family.
May her soul rest in peace!
PERMISSION LETERS
I am suffering from fever. So I cannot come to school for four days. I request you to grant me leave for four days (from 15th to 18th)
ASKING PERMISSION FOR OBTAINING DUPLICATE CERTIFICATE
I am old student of your great institution. I studied XII STD in your school during 1987-89. I passed it in the first class. I lost the conduct certificate you had given me at the time of my leaving the school. Now I am in need of it as I have to attend an interview for the post of an executive I request you to send me the conduct certificate at an early date
INVITING FOR MARRIAGE
I have enclosed my sisters marriage invitation it takes place on 20.6.98 I request you to attend this function with your family and bless the couple
OFFICIAL LETTERS
INVITING TO INAUGURATE LITERARY ASSOCIATION
We are planning to have the inauguration of the English literary association in our school at 5. Pm on Wednesday 7th jan we shall be happy if, you address us on that occasion I hope there will be no difficulty over this please write to us early about your consent.
LETTER TO BANK MANAGER ABOUT THE LOSS OF YOUR CHEQUE BOOK
I regret to inform you that I lost my brief case yesterday on my way to the office there was a cheque book in it with five unused leaves. The number of the book is 12540 I have given complaints to the police about it I have not received it so far. In case your office come across such cheque leaves bearing my account no 2573 please take immediate action against the respective person.
LETTER TO INSPECTOR FOR THE CASE OF BURGLARY
I have to bring the untoward incident to your knowledge. I hope that you will take necessary action.
My family and I went to attend a function yesterday I locked my house and left. When I returned home at 11.30 at night I was shocked to find all the doors of my house open the iron safe was broken. Jewels to the value of rs.1.00.000 had been stolen
I request you to take immediate action and get the articles restored.
COMPLAINING ABOUT POWER FAILURE
I wish to bring the following to your kind notice for immediate action.
I am living in II cross street. I am writing this complaint on behalf of the residents of the street. There has been constant power failure for ten hours daily for the past six months. There is complete failure on Sundays. The street becomes pitch dark at night. It gives room for pick pocketing, snatching and murder.
Therefore I request you to take immediate action to save us from this suffering.
TO RAILWAY AUTHORITY COMPLAINING ABOUT THE LATE COMING OF TRAINS
We wish to bring the following for your consideration and immediate action.
The train __________ mambalam to beach station passanger daily arrives 30 minutes late. It affects us much. Most of the passenger’s boarding’s at this place are much. Most of the passengers boarding at this place are office goers and students. I request you to take immediate action for the prompt arrival of the train........
AMERICAN IDIOMS AND PHRASES
AMERICAN IDIOMS AND PHRASES
About to - ready to
After all - when everything considered
Break the news - tell some important info
Dead end job - a mere waste work
Belly up – bankrupt
Fired - rejected
Lose temper - angry
No point in – any reason/mere waste
Real flop - a failure
Sharp as a tack - intelligent
Talk over – discuss
Top dollar - costly
Always try to think big - set high goals
Buckle down - start something seriously
Hit to books - start studying
Don’t just slack off - don’t waste time
Have a heart of gold - to be very kind and giving
Bright and early – early in the morning
Give it a shot - to try something.
Last night I dint sleep a wink - to be wake all-night
Hard time – times of difficulty
Get down to business - get down to the work
You have sweeten the deal - you have made an attractive offer
Twist his arm – persuade him
All the rage - the latest fashion
Feel free - go ahead and do something
Get out of the way - move away
Out of practice – no longer good at doing something
Crunch time – a short time to achieve a high result
Give me a break – that’s ridiculous/ that’s a joke
In reality – in fact
No wonder - it’s not surprising
At first - in the beginning
Give me a ring – to telephone someone
Your guess is as good as mine – I don’t know any more than you.
Chit chat - casual conversation, gossip
Right away – immediately
He is a big shot – vip
Nothing doing – not a chance
Don’t mess up – don’t make a mistake
Don’t put the blame on me – to name somebody else as responsible
He always talk rant and rave – to talk loudly, often in anger
In that case – in that circumstance
Did you get it – did you understand
It looks like – it’s likely that
Nothing to do with - not having relationship
On the job – at work
Three sheets to the wind – drunk
Cream of the crop - best of the crop
Wrap up – finish up
Chill out - to relax
ADDITIONAL SENTENCES
Go back to the drawing board- to start a task again which fail last time
Don’t change my mind
Everything is easier said than done
They live from hand to mouth
Don’t think negatively try to look on the bright side
Try to make ends meet.
Don’t stab me at the back.
Ill surely give you my laptop when pigs fly – something which never happens
Don’t talk something beside the point- not important
We are going to have a blast in kodai kanal – enjoy something
You should work like a dog to get things done- to work very hard
I hate people kid around on serious matters- make comment
Just tell me a ballpark figure cost of this mobile – an approximate amount
About to - ready to
After all - when everything considered
Break the news - tell some important info
Dead end job - a mere waste work
Belly up – bankrupt
Fired - rejected
Lose temper - angry
No point in – any reason/mere waste
Real flop - a failure
Sharp as a tack - intelligent
Talk over – discuss
Top dollar - costly
Always try to think big - set high goals
Buckle down - start something seriously
Hit to books - start studying
Don’t just slack off - don’t waste time
Bright and early – early in the morning
Give it a shot - to try something.
Last night I dint sleep a wink - to be wake all-night
Hard time – times of difficulty
Get down to business - get down to the work
You have sweeten the deal - you have made an attractive offer
Twist his arm – persuade him
All the rage - the latest fashion
Feel free - go ahead and do something
Get out of the way - move away
Out of practice – no longer good at doing something
Crunch time – a short time to achieve a high result
Give me a break – that’s ridiculous/ that’s a joke
In reality – in fact
No wonder - it’s not surprising
At first - in the beginning
Give me a ring – to telephone someone
Your guess is as good as mine – I don’t know any more than you.
Chit chat - casual conversation, gossip
Right away – immediately
He is a big shot – vip
Nothing doing – not a chance
Don’t mess up – don’t make a mistake
Don’t put the blame on me – to name somebody else as responsible
He always talk rant and rave – to talk loudly, often in anger
In that case – in that circumstance
Did you get it – did you understand
It looks like – it’s likely that
Nothing to do with - not having relationship
On the job – at work
Three sheets to the wind – drunk
Cream of the crop - best of the crop
Wrap up – finish up
Chill out - to relax
ADDITIONAL SENTENCES
Go back to the drawing board- to start a task again which fail last time
Don’t change my mind
Everything is easier said than done
They live from hand to mouth
Don’t think negatively try to look on the bright side
Try to make ends meet.
Don’t stab me at the back.
Ill surely give you my laptop when pigs fly – something which never happens
Don’t talk something beside the point- not important
We are going to have a blast in kodai kanal – enjoy something
You should work like a dog to get things done- to work very hard
I hate people kid around on serious matters- make comment
Just tell me a ballpark figure cost of this mobile – an approximate amount
SEASONAL TALKS........
There was no sleep last night
It was very sultry
That clouds gathered it was black and it looked like it would rain cats and dogs
Today is hotter than yesterday
What an unbearable heat wave!
The tongue becomes dry even we drink bottles of water, thirst is not quenched no matter how much water we drink
By drinking too much of water the stomach gets bloated
We got only hot air even if we sit under the fan
Mosquitoes are abundant because of the stagnant water
Roads are very dirty so if you put your foot on the road it goes down by a foot
Children are happy because of the rain. They come out and get drenched in the rain
What a terrible shower we had
Children’s are happy because of the rain they out and get drenched in the rain
What a terrible shower we had?
It was very sultry
That clouds gathered it was black and it looked like it would rain cats and dogs
Today is hotter than yesterday
What an unbearable heat wave!
The tongue becomes dry even we drink bottles of water, thirst is not quenched no matter how much water we drink
By drinking too much of water the stomach gets bloated
We got only hot air even if we sit under the fan
Mosquitoes are abundant because of the stagnant water
Roads are very dirty so if you put your foot on the road it goes down by a foot
Children are happy because of the rain. They come out and get drenched in the rain
What a terrible shower we had
Children’s are happy because of the rain they out and get drenched in the rain
What a terrible shower we had?
SPEECHES @ LODGE........BANK.........
What can I do for you sir?
I would like to book a single room
How long would you like to stay?
Just for one day
I wanna check in
I wanna check out
Do I have to pay any advance?
I wanna first class room
Is there internet connection available in rooms
IN THE BANK
Excuse me can I have an application form for opening s.b account
I wanna have a cheque book facility
Can I have a pen please!
Please make entries in my passbook
Have you completed the entry?
Excuse me I have deposited an amount can you please find out whether it has been credited yet or not
Could you guide me to principles on obtaining a loan?
I would like to book a single room
How long would you like to stay?
Just for one day
I wanna check in
I wanna check out
Do I have to pay any advance?
I wanna first class room
Is there internet connection available in rooms
IN THE BANK
Excuse me can I have an application form for opening s.b account
I wanna have a cheque book facility
Can I have a pen please!
Please make entries in my passbook
Have you completed the entry?
Excuse me I have deposited an amount can you please find out whether it has been credited yet or not
Could you guide me to principles on obtaining a loan?
BUS STAND SPEECH................
Excuse me which bus goes to adyar?
Does that bus go there?
Is this is ambattur bus
Is there any straight bus to I.O.C
Is there any hospital nearby?
Execuse me which bus passed by
Can you direct me to this address?
Please go straight and turn left
Could you tell me this address?
Excuse me how can I find this address
Could you help me out?
If you don’t mind can you tell me this route?
Can you inform me a stop before my point of getting down?
Does that bus go there?
Is this is ambattur bus
Is there any straight bus to I.O.C
Is there any hospital nearby?
Execuse me which bus passed by
Can you direct me to this address?
Please go straight and turn left
Could you tell me this address?
Excuse me how can I find this address
Could you help me out?
If you don’t mind can you tell me this route?
Can you inform me a stop before my point of getting down?
REFUSAL...........,ENCOURAGEMENT...........,CONSOLATION.........,ANNOYANCE..............QUARREL AND HEALTH..................
Refusal
It is not possible.
I regret I can’t accept this proposal
She doesn’t like this
It cannot be arranged.
You should not agree to this
Encouragement
Don’t worry, things will be fine
Don’t get nervous
It doesn’t matter
I am proud of you
That’s really great
Don’t worry about me
It’s not manly to cry like a child
Consolation
It was inexorable (kadavul viruppam)
May god give you strength to bear?
We are deeply grieved!
We offer you our condolence!
We are deeply pained!
Annoyance
You idiot how dare are you do this?
You duffer!
Let him go to hell!
Don’t irritate me!
If I give you a slap!
What the hell are you talking?
He is trying to cheat me
Don’t make me angry
What’s happening there?
Which is not happening here?
You are just simply wasting your time
Are you mad?
Quarrel
Don’t act too smart
Don’t stretch matters
Are you in your sense?
Why are you picking a quarrel?
for nothing?
What harm have I done to you?
You shall have to mend your ways
Don’t come on my nerves
Why are you losing your temper?
Health
Last night I had fever
May I take rice doctor?
I am worried about my health
My stomach is upset
I hurt my toe
I feel feverish
Consult a doctor
He is badly hurt
He is suffering from indigestion
I feel like vomiting
I am not feeling well today
I shall not be able to come
I don’t like them
I am sorry to refuse
They will not agree to this It is not possible.
I regret I can’t accept this proposal
She doesn’t like this
It cannot be arranged.
You should not agree to this
Encouragement
Don’t worry, things will be fine
Don’t get nervous
It doesn’t matter
I am proud of you
That’s really great
That’s ace job
I’ll take care of this
Don’t be afraid
Don’t hesitate
There is nothing to fear
It’s not manly to cry like a child
Consolation
Its pity!
Console him!
Such indeed are the ways of the world!
No one can stand against fate!
May god give you strength to bear?
We are deeply grieved!
We offer you our condolence!
We are deeply pained!
Annoyance
You idiot how dare are you do this?
You duffer!
Let him go to hell!
Don’t irritate me!
If I give you a slap!
What the hell are you talking?
He is trying to cheat me
Don’t make me angry
What’s happening there?
Which is not happening here?
You are just simply wasting your time
Are you mad?
Quarrel
Don’t act too smart
Don’t stretch matters
Are you in your sense?
Why are you picking a quarrel?
for nothing?
What harm have I done to you?
You shall have to mend your ways
Don’t come on my nerves
Why are you losing your temper?
Health
Last night I had fever
May I take rice doctor?
I am worried about my health
My stomach is upset
I hurt my toe
I feel feverish
Consult a doctor
He is badly hurt
He is suffering from indigestion
I feel like vomiting
I am not feeling well today
small speeches on permissions meeting and parting............
Permission
Shall we begin?
May I go?
May I join you?
Well, allow me to go.
May I come inside?
Will you please give me a lift in your bike?
Would you like to join with me?
Can I join you?
Can I have it?
Can you pass it?
Can you do me a favor?
Meeting and parting
How r u doing?
Great by god’s grace
I am glad to see you
It’s been a long time since I/we met you
I am so surprised to see you
I thought you were in America
Must you go now?
Have a good journey
Please convey my regards to your family
May luck favor you this time?
SITUATIONAL SHOCK SPEED COLLOQUIALISMS
What do you want me to speak in English?
Please don’t ask me all these goofy queries!
Don’t think that just you know to speak in English even I can talk a better English than you!
What's there to laugh!
Don’t cut jokes!
Don’t try to make out a fun with my English if you know you talk, if, not just shut and sit!
Please don’t ask me all these goofy queries!
Don’t think that just you know to speak in English even I can talk a better English than you!
What's there to laugh!
Don’t cut jokes!
Don’t try to make out a fun with my English if you know you talk, if, not just shut and sit!
tenses and interrogatives
EXAMPLE WITH REGULAR VERBS.
TYPES TENSES. INTERROGATIVES.
SIMPLE PRESENT. They celebrate Christmas Do they celebrate Christmas
NEGATIVE They do not celebrate Christmas don’t they celebrate Christmas
SIMPLE PAST. They celebrated Christmas Did they celebrate Christmas
NEGATIVE They did not celebrate Christmas Didn’t they celebrate Christmas
SIMPLE FUTURE. They will celebrate Christmas Will they celebrate Christmas
NEGATIVE They will not celebrate Christmas Wont they celebrate Christmas
PRESENT CONTINUOUS. They are celebrating Christmas Are they celebrating Christmas
NEGATIVE They are not celebrating Christmas Aren’t they celebrating Christmas
PAST CONTINUOUS. They were celebrating Christmas Were they celebrating Christmas
NEGATIVE They were not celebrating Christmas Weren’t they celebrating Christmas
FUTURE CONTINUOUS. They will be celebrating Christmas Will they be celebrating Christmas
NEGATIVE They will not be celebrating Christmas Wont they be celebrating Christmas
PRESENT PERFECT. They have celebrated Christmas Have they celebrated Christmas
NEGATIVE They have not celebrated Christmas Haven’t they celebrated Christmas
PAST PERFECT. They had celebrated Christmas Had they celebrated Christmas
NEGATIVE They had not celebrated Christmas Hadn’t they celebrated Christmas
FUTURE PERFECT. They will have celebrated Christmas Will they have celebrated Christmas
NEGATIVE They will have not celebrated Christmas Wont they have celebrated Christmas
Examples with irregular verbs
TYPES TENSES INTERROGATIVES
SIMPLE PRESENT. I go to his home Do I go to his home
NEGATIVE I don’t go to his home Don’t I go to his home
SIMPLE PAST. I went to his home Did I go to his home
NEGATIVE I dint go to his home Dint I go to his home
SIMPLE FUTURE. I will go to his home Will I go to his home
NEGATIVE I won’t go to his home Wont I go to his home
PRESENT CONTINUOUS. I am going to his home Am I going to his home
NEGATIVE I am not going to his home Am not I going to his home
PAST CONTINUOUS. I was going to his home Was I going to his home
NEGATIVE I was not going to his home Was not I going to his home
FUTURE CONTINUOUS. I will be going to his home Will I be going to his home
NEGATIVE I will not be going to his home Wont I be going to his home
PRESENT PERFECT. I have gone to his home Have I gone to his home
NEGATIVE I haven’t gone to his home Haven’t I gone to his home
PAST PERFECT. I had gone to his home Had I gone to his home
NEGATIVE I hadn’t gone to his home Hadn’t I gone to his home
FUTURE PERFECT. I will have gone to his home Will I have gone to his home
NEGATIVE I won’t have gone to his home Wont I have gone to his home
EXAMPLE WITH THIRD PERSON ALONG WITH IRREGULAR VERB
TYPES TENSES INTERROGATIVES
SIMPLE PRESENT. She eats breakfast Does she eat breakfast
NEGATIVE She don’t eat breakfast Doesn’t she eat breakfast
SIMPLE PAST. She ate breakfast Did she eat breakfast
NEGATIVE She dint eat breakfast Dint she eat breakfast
SIMPLE FUTURE. She will eat breakfast Will she eat breakfast
NEGATIVE She will not eat breakfast Wont she eat breakfast
PRESENT CONTINUOUS. She is eating breakfast Is she eating breakfast
NEGATIVE She is not eating breakfast Isn’t she eating breakfast
PAST CONTINUOUS. She was eating breakfast Was she eating breakfast
NEGATIVE She was not eating breakfast Wasn’t she eating breakfast
FUTURE CONTINUOUS. She will be eating breakfast Will she be eating breakfast
NEGATIVE She will not be eating breakfast Will she be eating breakfast
PRESENT PERFECT. She has eaten breakfast Has she eaten breakfast
NEGATIVE She has not eaten breakfast Hasn’t she eaten breakfast
PAST PERFECT. She had eaten breakfast Had she eaten breakfast
NEGATIVE She had not eaten breakfast Hadn’t she eaten breakfast
FUTURE PERFECT. She will have eaten breakfast Will she has eaten breakfast
NEGATIVE She will not have eaten breakfast Wont she has eaten breakfast
TYPES TENSES. INTERROGATIVES.
SIMPLE PRESENT. They celebrate Christmas Do they celebrate Christmas
NEGATIVE They do not celebrate Christmas don’t they celebrate Christmas
SIMPLE PAST. They celebrated Christmas Did they celebrate Christmas
NEGATIVE They did not celebrate Christmas Didn’t they celebrate Christmas
SIMPLE FUTURE. They will celebrate Christmas Will they celebrate Christmas
NEGATIVE They will not celebrate Christmas Wont they celebrate Christmas
PRESENT CONTINUOUS. They are celebrating Christmas Are they celebrating Christmas
NEGATIVE They are not celebrating Christmas Aren’t they celebrating Christmas
PAST CONTINUOUS. They were celebrating Christmas Were they celebrating Christmas
NEGATIVE They were not celebrating Christmas Weren’t they celebrating Christmas
FUTURE CONTINUOUS. They will be celebrating Christmas Will they be celebrating Christmas
NEGATIVE They will not be celebrating Christmas Wont they be celebrating Christmas
PRESENT PERFECT. They have celebrated Christmas Have they celebrated Christmas
NEGATIVE They have not celebrated Christmas Haven’t they celebrated Christmas
PAST PERFECT. They had celebrated Christmas Had they celebrated Christmas
NEGATIVE They had not celebrated Christmas Hadn’t they celebrated Christmas
FUTURE PERFECT. They will have celebrated Christmas Will they have celebrated Christmas
NEGATIVE They will have not celebrated Christmas Wont they have celebrated Christmas
Examples with irregular verbs
TYPES TENSES INTERROGATIVES
SIMPLE PRESENT. I go to his home Do I go to his home
NEGATIVE I don’t go to his home Don’t I go to his home
SIMPLE PAST. I went to his home Did I go to his home
NEGATIVE I dint go to his home Dint I go to his home
SIMPLE FUTURE. I will go to his home Will I go to his home
NEGATIVE I won’t go to his home Wont I go to his home
PRESENT CONTINUOUS. I am going to his home Am I going to his home
NEGATIVE I am not going to his home Am not I going to his home
PAST CONTINUOUS. I was going to his home Was I going to his home
NEGATIVE I was not going to his home Was not I going to his home
FUTURE CONTINUOUS. I will be going to his home Will I be going to his home
NEGATIVE I will not be going to his home Wont I be going to his home
PRESENT PERFECT. I have gone to his home Have I gone to his home
NEGATIVE I haven’t gone to his home Haven’t I gone to his home
PAST PERFECT. I had gone to his home Had I gone to his home
NEGATIVE I hadn’t gone to his home Hadn’t I gone to his home
FUTURE PERFECT. I will have gone to his home Will I have gone to his home
NEGATIVE I won’t have gone to his home Wont I have gone to his home
EXAMPLE WITH THIRD PERSON ALONG WITH IRREGULAR VERB
TYPES TENSES INTERROGATIVES
SIMPLE PRESENT. She eats breakfast Does she eat breakfast
NEGATIVE She don’t eat breakfast Doesn’t she eat breakfast
SIMPLE PAST. She ate breakfast Did she eat breakfast
NEGATIVE She dint eat breakfast Dint she eat breakfast
SIMPLE FUTURE. She will eat breakfast Will she eat breakfast
NEGATIVE She will not eat breakfast Wont she eat breakfast
PRESENT CONTINUOUS. She is eating breakfast Is she eating breakfast
NEGATIVE She is not eating breakfast Isn’t she eating breakfast
PAST CONTINUOUS. She was eating breakfast Was she eating breakfast
NEGATIVE She was not eating breakfast Wasn’t she eating breakfast
FUTURE CONTINUOUS. She will be eating breakfast Will she be eating breakfast
NEGATIVE She will not be eating breakfast Will she be eating breakfast
PRESENT PERFECT. She has eaten breakfast Has she eaten breakfast
NEGATIVE She has not eaten breakfast Hasn’t she eaten breakfast
PAST PERFECT. She had eaten breakfast Had she eaten breakfast
NEGATIVE She had not eaten breakfast Hadn’t she eaten breakfast
FUTURE PERFECT. She will have eaten breakfast Will she has eaten breakfast
NEGATIVE She will not have eaten breakfast Wont she has eaten breakfast
adjectives and adverbs
ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS
KINDS OF ADJECTIVES
SOME ADJECTIVES TELL US ABOUT THE QUALITIES OF A PERSON
Affectionate uncle, Arrogant fellow, adamant child, kind passenger, friendly neighbor, sincere worker, brave soldier, cleaver boy, sensitive child, honest man
ADJECTIVES TELLS US ABOUT THE NATURE OF A PLACE
Narrow road, Congested locality, Slippery bathroom, spacious hall, Remote village, Crowded city
Prosperous village, Broad road, Well furnished house
SOME ADJECTIVES TELLS US ABOUT THE QUALITY OF THINGS
Fresh vegetables, Dirty clothes, Rotten eggs, Costly equipments, Sharp knife
ADJECTIVES DESCRIBE THINGS IN A GENERAL WAY A VARIETY OF INFORMATION
Dark night, Rough road, Comfortable journey, sultry weather, Responsible person
MODES AND FEELINGS OF THE PEOPLE
Angry man, sad face, Lovable girl, Sensitive child, happy person, Restless man
ADVERBS OF TIME
Ago, already , again , afterwards, always , at that time, before , daily, early
ever , frequently, weekly , monthly, lately, never , immediately , once , often
quickly , often , regularly , rarely , recently , since, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday
yet, yearly , just now , so far, for a point of time
ADVERBS OF PLACE
above, away , anywhere, closely, anywhere , everywhere , here , far , faraway ,inside, near, nowhere
off, somewhere up………………
ADVERBS OF MANNER
Accidently, Boldly, Bravely, Cleverly, Generally, Hardly, Honestly, Indirectly, Indeed, Luckily, Mostly Normally, Nicely, Obediently, Politely, Perfectly, Personally, Proudly, Promptly, Purposely, Quickly Strictly, Slowly, Seriously, Thoroughly, Usually, Unfortunately, Warmly, Wholly
EXAMPLES ON ADVERBS
She came here ------------
The child cried ------------
He spoke ------------
She refused ------------
He was sitting at the ------------
He was waking ------------
He kept the books ------------
I am telling you ------------
I told him ------------
He reads the newspaper ------------
They beat him up ------------
KINDS OF ADJECTIVES
SOME ADJECTIVES TELL US ABOUT THE QUALITIES OF A PERSON
Affectionate uncle, Arrogant fellow, adamant child, kind passenger, friendly neighbor, sincere worker, brave soldier, cleaver boy, sensitive child, honest man
ADJECTIVES TELLS US ABOUT THE NATURE OF A PLACE
Narrow road, Congested locality, Slippery bathroom, spacious hall, Remote village, Crowded city
Prosperous village, Broad road, Well furnished house
SOME ADJECTIVES TELLS US ABOUT THE QUALITY OF THINGS
Fresh vegetables, Dirty clothes, Rotten eggs, Costly equipments, Sharp knife
ADJECTIVES DESCRIBE THINGS IN A GENERAL WAY A VARIETY OF INFORMATION
Dark night, Rough road, Comfortable journey, sultry weather, Responsible person
MODES AND FEELINGS OF THE PEOPLE
Angry man, sad face, Lovable girl, Sensitive child, happy person, Restless man
ADVERBS OF TIME
Ago, already , again , afterwards, always , at that time, before , daily, early
ever , frequently, weekly , monthly, lately, never , immediately , once , often
quickly , often , regularly , rarely , recently , since, then, today, tomorrow, yesterday
yet, yearly , just now , so far, for a point of time
ADVERBS OF PLACE
above, away , anywhere, closely, anywhere , everywhere , here , far , faraway ,inside, near, nowhere
off, somewhere up………………
ADVERBS OF MANNER
Accidently, Boldly, Bravely, Cleverly, Generally, Hardly, Honestly, Indirectly, Indeed, Luckily, Mostly Normally, Nicely, Obediently, Politely, Perfectly, Personally, Proudly, Promptly, Purposely, Quickly Strictly, Slowly, Seriously, Thoroughly, Usually, Unfortunately, Warmly, Wholly
EXAMPLES ON ADVERBS
She came here ------------
The child cried ------------
He spoke ------------
She refused ------------
He was sitting at the ------------
He was waking ------------
He kept the books ------------
I am telling you ------------
I told him ------------
He reads the newspaper ------------
They beat him up ------------
singular and plural
SINGULAR AND PLURAL
Addition of S
Girl -girls
Boy -boys
Book -books
Teacher -teachers
F, FE ARE CHANGED TO VES
Calf - calves
Leaf -leaves
Knife - knives
Half -halves
Thief -thieves
Scarf -scarves
WHICH ENDS IN S,CH,X,SH
ARE CHANGED TO ES
Bus -buses
Dress -dresses
Church -churches
Box -boxes
ADDITION OF S/ES
Auto -autos
Video -videos
Potato -potatoes
Hero -heroes
Echo -echoes
Y WITH S, IES
Key -Keys
Lorry Lorries
Day days
Baby babies
Body bodies
CHANGES OF SOUNDS
Foot -feet
Mouse mice
Louse -lice
Tooth teeth
Man-men
Woman- women
SOME NOUNS REMAIN THE SAME
Furniture -furniture
Staff -staff
COMPLETE DIFFERENCE
Ox- oxen
Child- children
Test yourself on singular and plural
Dress, toy, day, tree, child, man, director, book, lady, donkey, tomato, leaf, life, box, mango, hair, mouse, fox, zero, potato, rice, daily, money, bunch
Addition of S
Girl -girls
Boy -boys
Book -books
Teacher -teachers
F, FE ARE CHANGED TO VES
Calf - calves
Leaf -leaves
Knife - knives
Half -halves
Thief -thieves
Scarf -scarves
WHICH ENDS IN S,CH,X,SH
ARE CHANGED TO ES
Bus -buses
Dress -dresses
Church -churches
Box -boxes
ADDITION OF S/ES
Auto -autos
Video -videos
Potato -potatoes
Hero -heroes
Echo -echoes
Y WITH S, IES
Key -Keys
Lorry Lorries
Day days
Baby babies
Body bodies
CHANGES OF SOUNDS
Foot -feet
Mouse mice
Louse -lice
Tooth teeth
Man-men
Woman- women
SOME NOUNS REMAIN THE SAME
Furniture -furniture
Staff -staff
COMPLETE DIFFERENCE
Ox- oxen
Child- children
Test yourself on singular and plural
Dress, toy, day, tree, child, man, director, book, lady, donkey, tomato, leaf, life, box, mango, hair, mouse, fox, zero, potato, rice, daily, money, bunch
articles
ARTICLES
A, AN, THE
If the person or the thing spoken of is not definite then A and an is used
Give me a book – it can mean any book
I want an ice cream – it can mean any cream
These are called indefinite article. It is used of refer a particular person or thing.
THE DEFINITE ARTICLES:
When particularly referred
I lost the pen that you gave me
Before the names of holy books and news paper
The bible the Bhagavad Gita the Indian express
Before the names of famous building
The Taj Mahal the Eiffel tower
Before the names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain,
The Krishna the bay of Bengal the Himalayas
Before the descriptive names of the countries
The U.S.A the U.K the U.A.E
BEFORE SUPERLATIVES
Highest tallest largest
Before ordinal numbers
Ill meets you on the 15th
2nd prize III row
BEFORE DIRECTIONS,
North, south, east and west, left, right
Before unique objects
The sun the earth the mars Saturn, star
Before musical instruments
The violin the harmonium the guitar, etc.,
EXAMPLES AT A GLANCE
Raja saw a beautiful lady at the post office
Shabir bought a pencil
Gokul met an educated lady
Sangeetha is an intelligent girl
TEST YOURSELF ON ARTICLES:
Sangeetha has ------- umbrella
Srilanka is -------------island
Urdu is-------- different language where as Tamil is------- easy language to learn
My brother has gone to ------------U.S
------------Krishna is ----------river
I saw ---------elephant------------owl and ----------dog
He knows to play -------------guitar
Usha was ---------- first girl to arrive
They returned after--------hour
She is-------------naughty girl
Mambalam is --------------holy city
This is ------------third time I visited London
We buy--------- times of India
---------Bible -----------holy book of Christians
--------Orange -------- day keeps you healthy all day
A, AN, THE
If the person or the thing spoken of is not definite then A and an is used
Give me a book – it can mean any book
I want an ice cream – it can mean any cream
These are called indefinite article. It is used of refer a particular person or thing.
THE DEFINITE ARTICLES:
When particularly referred
I lost the pen that you gave me
Before the names of holy books and news paper
The bible the Bhagavad Gita the Indian express
Before the names of famous building
The Taj Mahal the Eiffel tower
Before the names of rivers, seas, oceans, mountain,
The Krishna the bay of Bengal the Himalayas
Before the descriptive names of the countries
The U.S.A the U.K the U.A.E
BEFORE SUPERLATIVES
Highest tallest largest
Before ordinal numbers
Ill meets you on the 15th
2nd prize III row
BEFORE DIRECTIONS,
North, south, east and west, left, right
Before unique objects
The sun the earth the mars Saturn, star
Before musical instruments
The violin the harmonium the guitar, etc.,
EXAMPLES AT A GLANCE
Raja saw a beautiful lady at the post office
Shabir bought a pencil
Gokul met an educated lady
Sangeetha is an intelligent girl
TEST YOURSELF ON ARTICLES:
Sangeetha has ------- umbrella
Srilanka is -------------island
Urdu is-------- different language where as Tamil is------- easy language to learn
My brother has gone to ------------U.S
------------Krishna is ----------river
I saw ---------elephant------------owl and ----------dog
He knows to play -------------guitar
Usha was ---------- first girl to arrive
They returned after--------hour
She is-------------naughty girl
Mambalam is --------------holy city
This is ------------third time I visited London
We buy--------- times of India
---------Bible -----------holy book of Christians
--------Orange -------- day keeps you healthy all day
sentence of orders requests..............miscellaneous questions
SENTENCE OF ORDERS AND REQUEST
Please come here/there
Let me go/see/watch/play/study/work
Come soon/fast
Mind your work
Ask his name/her name/their name
don’t cut jokes
don’t talk nonsense
Never forget about it
don’t be late
Follow me
come back to the point!
MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS
what happen/happened/will happens
did you call me?
May I go now?
May I accompany you?
Shall I bring it?
What is the time right now?
Do you know him/her/them?
What is the matter?
Are you angry now?
What shall I do for you?
What is your opinion about this?
Do you understand?
When did you come?
Shall we begin?
Will you do me a favor?
Is it holiday?
Who is coming?
Whose telephone
where shall we meet?
How much time will it take?
Where are you right now?
Shall we finish it?
What’s the order of your birth?
Please come here/there
Let me go/see/watch/play/study/work
Come soon/fast
Mind your work
Ask his name/her name/their name
don’t cut jokes
don’t talk nonsense
Never forget about it
don’t be late
Follow me
come back to the point!
MISCELLANEOUS QUESTIONS
what happen/happened/will happens
did you call me?
May I go now?
May I accompany you?
Shall I bring it?
What is the time right now?
Do you know him/her/them?
What is the matter?
Are you angry now?
What shall I do for you?
What is your opinion about this?
Do you understand?
When did you come?
Shall we begin?
Will you do me a favor?
Is it holiday?
Who is coming?
Whose telephone
where shall we meet?
How much time will it take?
Where are you right now?
Shall we finish it?
What’s the order of your birth?
exclamations
EXCLAMATIONS
That’s Marvelous, awesome, beautiful, superb, Fantastic, fabulous, and excellent.
So kind of you!
That’s fabulous…..
Certainly!
How sick!
How terrible!
How dare are you to tell/do this!
Thank god!
You are so sweetoo!
Hurry up the time is running out!
What an idea!
Be careful don’t utter it again!
What a shame!
That’s so nasty!
What a surprise
what a tragedy
Quiet so!
Is that so? /Is it really?
What a pity!
Sure! /Why not?
Not even a bit!
Never mind about it!
I just don’t mind it!
positive and negative instructions
GIVING POSITIVE INSTRUCTIONS & CHANGE INTO NEGATIVE INSTRUCTIONS
Bring the life -----------------------------------------
Ask the teacher -----------------------------------------
Buy some vegetables -----------------------------------------
Come tomorrow -----------------------------------------
Go to the post office -----------------------------------------
Give it to him -----------------------------------------
Mind your business -----------------------------------------
Note the address -----------------------------------------
Open the door/push the door -----------------------------------------
Turn the page -----------------------------------------
Wait for sometime -----------------------------------------
Remember the date -----------------------------------------
Stand up -----------------------------------------
Go slow -----------------------------------------
Sorry for the delay -----------------------------------------
Go ahead -----------------------------------------
Let us go -----------------------------------------
Let us wait and see -----------------------------------------
Excuse me for being late -----------------------------------------
Take this -----------------------------------------
Try it again -----------------------------------------
Let me place -----------------------------------------
NEGATIVE INSTRUCTIONS MAKE IT POSITIVE
Don’t talk -------------------------------------
Don’t move -------------------------------------
Don’t sleep -------------------------------------
Don’t do that -------------------------------------
Don’t be lazy -------------------------------------
Don’t depend on others -------------------------------------
Don’t stop -------------------------------------
Don’t make noise -------------------------------------
Don’t worry -------------------------------------
Don’t forget -------------------------------------
Don’t waste your time -------------------------------------
Don’t talk nonsense -------------------------------------
Don’t go -------------------------------------
Don’t shout -------------------------------------
Don’t laugh -------------------------------------
Don’t hesitate -------------------------------------
Don’t be silly -------------------------------------
Don’t make me angry -------------------------------------
Don’t waste time -------------------------------------
Don’t think before you speak -------------------------------------
Bring the life -----------------------------------------
Ask the teacher -----------------------------------------
Buy some vegetables -----------------------------------------
Come tomorrow -----------------------------------------
Go to the post office -----------------------------------------
Give it to him -----------------------------------------
Mind your business -----------------------------------------
Note the address -----------------------------------------
Open the door/push the door -----------------------------------------
Turn the page -----------------------------------------
Wait for sometime -----------------------------------------
Remember the date -----------------------------------------
Stand up -----------------------------------------
Go slow -----------------------------------------
Sorry for the delay -----------------------------------------
Go ahead -----------------------------------------
Let us go -----------------------------------------
Let us wait and see -----------------------------------------
Excuse me for being late -----------------------------------------
Take this -----------------------------------------
Try it again -----------------------------------------
Let me place -----------------------------------------
NEGATIVE INSTRUCTIONS MAKE IT POSITIVE
Don’t talk -------------------------------------
Don’t move -------------------------------------
Don’t sleep -------------------------------------
Don’t do that -------------------------------------
Don’t be lazy -------------------------------------
Don’t depend on others -------------------------------------
Don’t stop -------------------------------------
Don’t make noise -------------------------------------
Don’t worry -------------------------------------
Don’t forget -------------------------------------
Don’t waste your time -------------------------------------
Don’t talk nonsense -------------------------------------
Don’t go -------------------------------------
Don’t shout -------------------------------------
Don’t laugh -------------------------------------
Don’t hesitate -------------------------------------
Don’t be silly -------------------------------------
Don’t make me angry -------------------------------------
Don’t waste time -------------------------------------
Don’t think before you speak -------------------------------------
basic important vocabularies and things
FRUITS
Apple, orange, sweet lime, mosambi, pomegranate, pine apple, watermelon, melon, grapes, banana, chikoo, mango, guava, gooseberry, sugarcane, jackfruit, dates, orange, pear, papaya, custard apple, black plum , strawberry, cherry fruit, jujube, lime,
INSECTS/PESTS
House fly dragonfly, housefly, wasp, beetle, bug, bedbug, mosquito, centipede, millipeded, caterpillar, spider, ant, worm, earthworm, leech, glaw worm, bee, louse/lice, snail, scorpion, grasshopper
FLOWERS
Jasmine, sunflower, rose lily, lotus, oleander, hibiscus, tulip,
PARTS OF TREE
Stem, bud, root, petals, shrub, grass, grove, timber, branch, flower, leaves, plant, herb, climber,
FISHES
Eel, shark, prawn, crab, tropical
GROCERY AND HOUSE HOLD ITEMS
Asafetida, anise, beans, rice, mustard, cumin, poppy, clove, cardamom, vermicelli, millet, barley, pea, cashew, saffron
JEWELS
Earrings, nose, rings, bangles, anklet, locket, chain, necklace, ring, bracelet, watch, toe, ring, brooch, clasp
UNIQUE THINGS
Universe, galaxy, sun, moon, stars, shooting, stars, planet, earth, rainbow, new moon, full moon, tide, wave.
DISEASES
Asthma, boil, bruise, cancer, cold, couch, constipation, cholera, cataract, contagion, diabetes, diarrhea, dropsy, dyspepsia, eczema, epilepsy.
SEASONS
Summer, winter, spring, autumn, rain, thunder, storm, tsunami, earthquake, floods, drought,
ARTIST
Advocate, auditor, astrologer, barber, broker, carpenter, cook, conductor, compounder, cobbler, constable, painter, peon, policeman, scavenger, servant, supervisor, sweeper, singer, tailor, technician, weaver, watchman, doctor, director, dealer, driver, engineer, florist, farmer, gardener, hunter, jeweler, goldsmith, money, lender, mason, manager, mechanic, nurse, maid, robber, writer, assistant, thief, journalist, profession, clerk, author, editor, beggar, actor, reporter.
BIRDS
crane, crow, cock, drake, eagle, goose (larger than a duck) gander, (a male goose) kite, lark(a small brown bird, , nightingale, myna, owl, parrot, kingfisher, quail, pat ridge, raven, swan, sparrow, peacock, vulture, penguin, ostrich, woodpecker
RELATIONSHIPS
Father, mother, husband, wife, sister, brother, maternal, grandfather, maternal grandmother, fraternal grandmother, fraternal grandfather, husband, wife, aunt(mothers sister, fathers sister, mothers brothers wife, fathers elders brothers wife, nephew, cousin, mothers or father niece or nephew brothers wife, or cousin brothers wife, bride, bride groom
FOODS
Lunch, supper, meals, dinner, feast, breakfast, Tiffin, brunch
CLOTHES
Apparel, attire, cloth, clothes, clothing, garment, suit, dress, dhoti, saree, shirt, blouse, cloak, coat, gown, jacket, robe, shawl, cap belt hat shoes socks boat towel hand kerchief
TRADE COMMERCE
Business, fair, hawker, bargain, loss, sale, income, mortgage, lend, interest, freight, bill, leave, invoice, seal, catalogue, flat, rate, merchant, shop, gain, buyer, cash, expense, receipt, broker, export, share, bond, stock, voucher, goods, compliment, investment, market, shopkeeper, customer, profit, seller, credit, pledge, borrow, rate, import, partner, agreement, auction, arrears, audit, discount.
SENSES OF FEELING
Cough, snore, yawn, hiccup, swoon, swell, vomit, giddiness, nausea, belch, sweat, sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, hunger, hatred, pity, love, sympathy, sweet, bitter, sound, noise, stink, fragrance, pleasure, joy, grief, sickness, Bed ridden, hospitalized, chronic, hereditary, acute, recovering, wounded, injured, ill, sick, nauseating, healing, dark, bright, hunger, thirst, heat, sultry, glad, satisfaction, gratitude, guilt
OTHER NORMAL DISEASES
Hic cough, influenza, jaundice, malaria, mumps, measles, numbness, piles, plague, pus, ringworm, sore, swelling, sprain, tumor, ulcer, typhoid, fits
PARTS OF BODY
Toe, finger, thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger, last finger, shoulder, lips, wrist, heel, waist, hip, cheek, chin, skull, throat, nape, knee, skin, teeth, jaw, tongue, thigh, heart, legs, brain, stomach, belly, nail, gullet, calf, nose, back, navel, foot, eyelid, pulse, lap, palm, abdomen, muscle, windpipe, forehead, knuckle, hair, eyebrow, mustache, gums, fist.
USEFUL THINGS FOR DAILY LIFE:
Bed, mat, bed, sheet, pillow, pillow cover, mirror, basin, comb, carpet, plate, spoon, cup, saucer, hair, oil, bottle, butter, bread, loaf, milk, cream, areca nut, sugar, cheese, ghee, vanaspati, buttermilk, jaggery, sugar candy, cinnamon, cloves, pepper, betel, gingili oil, salt, mustard, pickle, asafetida, incense stick.
COMMON TREES
Apple, plantain, mango, coconut, jack, guava, banyan, peep, teak wood, sandal wood, almond tree, goose berry, bamboo, fig, tamarind tree.
VEGETABLES
Yam, garlic, tomato, carrot, beet, root, ladies finger, drumstick, beans, brinjal, saber beans, Ginger, coriander, leaves, curry, leaves, mint potato, bottle, guard, mushroom, cauliflower, lemon, onion, capsicum, chilly, radish, turnips, bitter guard, snake gourd, cluster beans, cucumber, tapioca.
ACTION WORDS
Ring up, enquire, visit, sign, thank, start, disturb, bother, select, light, forget, be, announce, have, bring, comb, switch off, play, complete, report, move, invite, look, jump, observe, attend switch on, hold, fill, wait, choose, permit.
Apple, orange, sweet lime, mosambi, pomegranate, pine apple, watermelon, melon, grapes, banana, chikoo, mango, guava, gooseberry, sugarcane, jackfruit, dates, orange, pear, papaya, custard apple, black plum , strawberry, cherry fruit, jujube, lime,
INSECTS/PESTS
House fly dragonfly, housefly, wasp, beetle, bug, bedbug, mosquito, centipede, millipeded, caterpillar, spider, ant, worm, earthworm, leech, glaw worm, bee, louse/lice, snail, scorpion, grasshopper
FLOWERS
Jasmine, sunflower, rose lily, lotus, oleander, hibiscus, tulip,
PARTS OF TREE
Stem, bud, root, petals, shrub, grass, grove, timber, branch, flower, leaves, plant, herb, climber,
FISHES
Eel, shark, prawn, crab, tropical
GROCERY AND HOUSE HOLD ITEMS
Asafetida, anise, beans, rice, mustard, cumin, poppy, clove, cardamom, vermicelli, millet, barley, pea, cashew, saffron
JEWELS
Earrings, nose, rings, bangles, anklet, locket, chain, necklace, ring, bracelet, watch, toe, ring, brooch, clasp
UNIQUE THINGS
Universe, galaxy, sun, moon, stars, shooting, stars, planet, earth, rainbow, new moon, full moon, tide, wave.
DISEASES
Asthma, boil, bruise, cancer, cold, couch, constipation, cholera, cataract, contagion, diabetes, diarrhea, dropsy, dyspepsia, eczema, epilepsy.
SEASONS
Summer, winter, spring, autumn, rain, thunder, storm, tsunami, earthquake, floods, drought,
ARTIST
Advocate, auditor, astrologer, barber, broker, carpenter, cook, conductor, compounder, cobbler, constable, painter, peon, policeman, scavenger, servant, supervisor, sweeper, singer, tailor, technician, weaver, watchman, doctor, director, dealer, driver, engineer, florist, farmer, gardener, hunter, jeweler, goldsmith, money, lender, mason, manager, mechanic, nurse, maid, robber, writer, assistant, thief, journalist, profession, clerk, author, editor, beggar, actor, reporter.
BIRDS
crane, crow, cock, drake, eagle, goose (larger than a duck) gander, (a male goose) kite, lark(a small brown bird, , nightingale, myna, owl, parrot, kingfisher, quail, pat ridge, raven, swan, sparrow, peacock, vulture, penguin, ostrich, woodpecker
RELATIONSHIPS
Father, mother, husband, wife, sister, brother, maternal, grandfather, maternal grandmother, fraternal grandmother, fraternal grandfather, husband, wife, aunt(mothers sister, fathers sister, mothers brothers wife, fathers elders brothers wife, nephew, cousin, mothers or father niece or nephew brothers wife, or cousin brothers wife, bride, bride groom
FOODS
Lunch, supper, meals, dinner, feast, breakfast, Tiffin, brunch
CLOTHES
Apparel, attire, cloth, clothes, clothing, garment, suit, dress, dhoti, saree, shirt, blouse, cloak, coat, gown, jacket, robe, shawl, cap belt hat shoes socks boat towel hand kerchief
TRADE COMMERCE
Business, fair, hawker, bargain, loss, sale, income, mortgage, lend, interest, freight, bill, leave, invoice, seal, catalogue, flat, rate, merchant, shop, gain, buyer, cash, expense, receipt, broker, export, share, bond, stock, voucher, goods, compliment, investment, market, shopkeeper, customer, profit, seller, credit, pledge, borrow, rate, import, partner, agreement, auction, arrears, audit, discount.
SENSES OF FEELING
Cough, snore, yawn, hiccup, swoon, swell, vomit, giddiness, nausea, belch, sweat, sight, hearing, smell, taste, touch, hunger, hatred, pity, love, sympathy, sweet, bitter, sound, noise, stink, fragrance, pleasure, joy, grief, sickness, Bed ridden, hospitalized, chronic, hereditary, acute, recovering, wounded, injured, ill, sick, nauseating, healing, dark, bright, hunger, thirst, heat, sultry, glad, satisfaction, gratitude, guilt
OTHER NORMAL DISEASES
Hic cough, influenza, jaundice, malaria, mumps, measles, numbness, piles, plague, pus, ringworm, sore, swelling, sprain, tumor, ulcer, typhoid, fits
PARTS OF BODY
Toe, finger, thumb, index finger, middle finger, ring finger, last finger, shoulder, lips, wrist, heel, waist, hip, cheek, chin, skull, throat, nape, knee, skin, teeth, jaw, tongue, thigh, heart, legs, brain, stomach, belly, nail, gullet, calf, nose, back, navel, foot, eyelid, pulse, lap, palm, abdomen, muscle, windpipe, forehead, knuckle, hair, eyebrow, mustache, gums, fist.
USEFUL THINGS FOR DAILY LIFE:
Bed, mat, bed, sheet, pillow, pillow cover, mirror, basin, comb, carpet, plate, spoon, cup, saucer, hair, oil, bottle, butter, bread, loaf, milk, cream, areca nut, sugar, cheese, ghee, vanaspati, buttermilk, jaggery, sugar candy, cinnamon, cloves, pepper, betel, gingili oil, salt, mustard, pickle, asafetida, incense stick.
COMMON TREES
Apple, plantain, mango, coconut, jack, guava, banyan, peep, teak wood, sandal wood, almond tree, goose berry, bamboo, fig, tamarind tree.
VEGETABLES
Yam, garlic, tomato, carrot, beet, root, ladies finger, drumstick, beans, brinjal, saber beans, Ginger, coriander, leaves, curry, leaves, mint potato, bottle, guard, mushroom, cauliflower, lemon, onion, capsicum, chilly, radish, turnips, bitter guard, snake gourd, cluster beans, cucumber, tapioca.
ACTION WORDS
Ring up, enquire, visit, sign, thank, start, disturb, bother, select, light, forget, be, announce, have, bring, comb, switch off, play, complete, report, move, invite, look, jump, observe, attend switch on, hold, fill, wait, choose, permit.
small speeches and exclamations
Few Wishes
Good/happy morning
Good/happy after noon
Good/happy evening
Good/happy night……..
Use a fast gid while pronouncing good…..
Other type of wishes
Hi/hello
Have a nice day
Wish you a-------------
COMMON QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
how are you/how v u? /how v you doing?
I’m fine/pretty good/pretty well/doing good/doing great/
Cool by gods grace/not bad…
IMPORTANT WORDS AND ITS RESPONSES
I’m sorry- that’s o.k. / that’s not a problem
I’m not a lorry to carry your sorry
I’m extremely sorry
I do apologize for that.
Thank you, Thanks, Thank you so much, Thanks a lot
Thanks for your kind help and assistance
Thanks for your-------------
Your welcome
You’re almost welcome
It’s my pleasure
It’s all right
Excuse me sir/ yes please
Pardon sir/madam
Beg your pardon
Congratulations
Good/happy morning
Good/happy after noon
Good/happy evening
Good/happy night……..
Use a fast gid while pronouncing good…..
Other type of wishes
Hi/hello
Have a nice day
Wish you a-------------
COMMON QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
how are you/how v u? /how v you doing?
I’m fine/pretty good/pretty well/doing good/doing great/
Cool by gods grace/not bad…
IMPORTANT WORDS AND ITS RESPONSES
I’m sorry- that’s o.k. / that’s not a problem
I’m not a lorry to carry your sorry
I’m extremely sorry
I do apologize for that.
Thank you, Thanks, Thank you so much, Thanks a lot
Thanks for your kind help and assistance
Thanks for your-------------
Your welcome
You’re almost welcome
It’s my pleasure
It’s all right
Excuse me sir/ yes please
Pardon sir/madam
Beg your pardon
Congratulations
parts of speech
THE PARTS OF SPEECH
Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech: the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection.
Noun-A naming word (name of a person place animals things birds)
Examples of nouns = Vairavel, Jyothi, Naresh, Salaman, tiger, parrot, pen, pencil, Delhi,
Verb- an action
Examples of verbs = walk, talk, meet, eat, run, sit…
Pronoun- a word which is used instead of a noun
Examples of pronouns = I, we, you, they, he, she, it
Adjective- a word which describes the noun
Small, big, tall, long, colorful, bright
Adverb – a word which describes the verb
Examples of adverb = actively, silently, slowly, kindly.
Prepositions-words that describe where and when or a connection between nouns and other parts of speech
Examples of prepositions = on, up, down, in, of……
Conjunction- words which continues a sentence/a connection between two words or two sentences
Examples of conjunctions = but, because, and, or, either…..
Interjections- exclaiming words/words that creates feel.
Examples of interjections = ah, uh, ups, ouch……..
Traditional grammar classifies words based on eight parts of speech: the verb, the noun, the pronoun, the adjective, the adverb, the preposition, the conjunction, and the interjection.
Noun-A naming word (name of a person place animals things birds)
Examples of nouns = Vairavel, Jyothi, Naresh, Salaman, tiger, parrot, pen, pencil, Delhi,
Verb- an action
Examples of verbs = walk, talk, meet, eat, run, sit…
Pronoun- a word which is used instead of a noun
Examples of pronouns = I, we, you, they, he, she, it
Adjective- a word which describes the noun
Small, big, tall, long, colorful, bright
Adverb – a word which describes the verb
Examples of adverb = actively, silently, slowly, kindly.
Prepositions-words that describe where and when or a connection between nouns and other parts of speech
Examples of prepositions = on, up, down, in, of……
Conjunction- words which continues a sentence/a connection between two words or two sentences
Examples of conjunctions = but, because, and, or, either…..
Interjections- exclaiming words/words that creates feel.
Examples of interjections = ah, uh, ups, ouch……..
Adjectives which describes positive and negative personality…
Positive Personality Adjectives
Personality Adjectives
adaptable
adorable
agreeable
alert
alluring
ambitious
amused
boundless
brave
bright
calm
capable
charming
cheerful
coherent
comfortable
confident
cooperative
courageous
credible
cultured
dashing
dazzling
debonair
decisive
decorous
delightful
detailed
determined
diligent
discreet
dynamic
eager
efficient
elated
eminent
enchanting
encouraging
endurable
energetic
entertaining
enthusiastic
excellent
excited
exclusive
exuberant
fabulous
fair
faithful
fantastic
fearless
fine
frank
friendly
funny
generous
gentle
glorious
good
happy
harmonious
helpful
hilarious
honorable
impartial
industrious
instinctive
jolly
joyous
kind
kind-hearted
knowledgeable
level
likeable
lively
lovely
loving
lucky
mature
modern
nice
obedient
painstaking
peaceful
perfect
placid
plausible
pleasant
pleasant
plucky
Personality Adjectives
productive
protective
proud
punctual
quiet
receptive
reflective
relieved
resolute
responsible
rhetorical
righteous
romantic
sedate
seemly
selective
self-assured
sensitive
shrewd
silly
sincere
skilful
smiling
splendid
steadfast
stimulating
successful
succinct
talented
thoughtful
thrifty
tough
trustworthy
unbiased
unusual
upbeat
vigorous
vivacious
warm
willing
wise
witty
wonderful
zany
zealous
Negative Personality Adjectives
Personality Adjectives
abrasive
abrupt
abusive
afraid
aloof
ambiguous
angry
annoyed
anxious
arrogant
ashamed
awful
bad
belligerent
bewildered
boorish
bored
boring
callous
careless
clumsy
combative
confused
cowardly
crazy
creepy
cruel
cynical
dangerous
deceitful
defeated
defective
defiant
demonic
depressed
deranged
disagreeable
disillusioned
disturbed
domineering
draconian
embarrassed
envious
erratic
evasive
evil
faded
fierce
filthy
finicky
flashy
flippant
foolish
forgetful
frantic
fretful
frightened
furtive
greedy
grieving
grouchy
gruesome
grumpy
guarded
gullible
helpless
hesitant
homeless
horrible
hungry
hurt
ignorant
ill
irresolute
jealous
jittery
lacking
lazy
lonely
malicious
materialistic
mean
mysterious
naive
nasty
naughty
nervous
noisy
obnoxious
outrageous
panicky
pathetic
possessive
quarrelsome
repulsive Personality Adjectives
ruthless
sad
scary
secretive
selfish
silly
slow
sneaky
snobbish
sore
spendthrift
squeamish
stingy
strange
sulky
tacky
tense
terrible
testy
thick-skinned
thoughtless
threatening
tight
timid
tired
tiresome
troubled
truculent
typical
undesirable
unsuitable
unsure
upset
uptight
vague
vengeful
venomous
volatile
voracious
vulgar
wary
wasteful
weak
weary
wicked
worried
worthless
wretched
Personality Adjectives
adaptable
adorable
agreeable
alert
alluring
ambitious
amused
boundless
brave
bright
calm
capable
charming
cheerful
coherent
comfortable
confident
cooperative
courageous
credible
cultured
dashing
dazzling
debonair
decisive
decorous
delightful
detailed
determined
diligent
discreet
dynamic
eager
efficient
elated
eminent
enchanting
encouraging
endurable
energetic
entertaining
enthusiastic
excellent
excited
exclusive
exuberant
fabulous
fair
faithful
fantastic
fearless
fine
frank
friendly
funny
generous
gentle
glorious
good
happy
harmonious
helpful
hilarious
honorable
impartial
industrious
instinctive
jolly
joyous
kind
kind-hearted
knowledgeable
level
likeable
lively
lovely
loving
lucky
mature
modern
nice
obedient
painstaking
peaceful
perfect
placid
plausible
pleasant
pleasant
plucky
Personality Adjectives
productive
protective
proud
punctual
quiet
receptive
reflective
relieved
resolute
responsible
rhetorical
righteous
romantic
sedate
seemly
selective
self-assured
sensitive
shrewd
silly
sincere
skilful
smiling
splendid
steadfast
stimulating
successful
succinct
talented
thoughtful
thrifty
tough
trustworthy
unbiased
unusual
upbeat
vigorous
vivacious
warm
willing
wise
witty
wonderful
zany
zealous
Negative Personality Adjectives
Personality Adjectives
abrasive
abrupt
abusive
afraid
aloof
ambiguous
angry
annoyed
anxious
arrogant
ashamed
awful
bad
belligerent
bewildered
boorish
bored
boring
callous
careless
clumsy
combative
confused
cowardly
crazy
creepy
cruel
cynical
dangerous
deceitful
defeated
defective
defiant
demonic
depressed
deranged
disagreeable
disillusioned
disturbed
domineering
draconian
embarrassed
envious
erratic
evasive
evil
faded
fierce
filthy
finicky
flashy
flippant
foolish
forgetful
frantic
fretful
frightened
furtive
greedy
grieving
grouchy
gruesome
grumpy
guarded
gullible
helpless
hesitant
homeless
horrible
hungry
hurt
ignorant
ill
irresolute
jealous
jittery
lacking
lazy
lonely
malicious
materialistic
mean
mysterious
naive
nasty
naughty
nervous
noisy
obnoxious
outrageous
panicky
pathetic
possessive
quarrelsome
repulsive Personality Adjectives
ruthless
sad
scary
secretive
selfish
silly
slow
sneaky
snobbish
sore
spendthrift
squeamish
stingy
strange
sulky
tacky
tense
terrible
testy
thick-skinned
thoughtless
threatening
tight
timid
tired
tiresome
troubled
truculent
typical
undesirable
unsuitable
unsure
upset
uptight
vague
vengeful
venomous
volatile
voracious
vulgar
wary
wasteful
weak
weary
wicked
worried
worthless
wretched
Wednesday, March 17, 2010
vocabularies................
Tamil to English vocuabularies
NICOTINE- MAAVA (PUGAI ILAI)
PARISAM- ENGAGEMENT
TREMBLE- THUDIPUU
COASTAL- KADALORA PAGUDHI
VAALAI THANDU- TUBELIGHT
PATTALAM- BRIGADE
WANDER- LET YOUR MIND WANDER ( ALAIPAAIVADHU)
PARAMA EZHAI- ABJECT POVERTY
ANXIETY- ULAICHAL/ PARAPARAPU
BAD SPIRIT/ PEI PISASU / PILLI/ SOONIYAM
BLAME/ PAZHII-SUMAPADHU
COMPETE- POTTI -IDDU
CRINGE- BAYANDHU
PAYIR – CROP
CUSTOMS – PALAKA VALAKANGAL
DISASTER- PERALIVU
ECSTATIC -PARAVASAMADAI
EVIL DOERS- PAVASEYAL SEIBAVARGAL
BEEDHI ADAIVADHU- FREAKED OUT
HOAX - PURALIGAL/ MOSADEEGAL
PINNI PINAIVADHU- INTER-TWINED
JERK YOU AROUND- PANDHADIDUVEN
LOQUACIOUS- PADAPADAPAAGA PESUVADHU
MONUMENTAL PROBLEM- BAYANGARA PRACHANAI
PARASPARA- MUTUAL
SALIPADAIDAL- GETTING BOARED
NASTY- ARUVARPAANA
GRACE- ARUL
ARUVADAI- HARVEST
NICOTINE- MAAVA (PUGAI ILAI)
PARISAM- ENGAGEMENT
TREMBLE- THUDIPUU
COASTAL- KADALORA PAGUDHI
VAALAI THANDU- TUBELIGHT
PATTALAM- BRIGADE
WANDER- LET YOUR MIND WANDER ( ALAIPAAIVADHU)
PARAMA EZHAI- ABJECT POVERTY
ANXIETY- ULAICHAL/ PARAPARAPU
BAD SPIRIT/ PEI PISASU / PILLI/ SOONIYAM
BLAME/ PAZHII-SUMAPADHU
COMPETE- POTTI -IDDU
CRINGE- BAYANDHU
PAYIR – CROP
CUSTOMS – PALAKA VALAKANGAL
DISASTER- PERALIVU
ECSTATIC -PARAVASAMADAI
EVIL DOERS- PAVASEYAL SEIBAVARGAL
BEEDHI ADAIVADHU- FREAKED OUT
HOAX - PURALIGAL/ MOSADEEGAL
PINNI PINAIVADHU- INTER-TWINED
JERK YOU AROUND- PANDHADIDUVEN
LOQUACIOUS- PADAPADAPAAGA PESUVADHU
MONUMENTAL PROBLEM- BAYANGARA PRACHANAI
PARASPARA- MUTUAL
SALIPADAIDAL- GETTING BOARED
NASTY- ARUVARPAANA
GRACE- ARUL
ARUVADAI- HARVEST
Friday, March 12, 2010
how to prepare for a topic
When u speak on a topic...........................
To talk about this topic
At first I would like to explain that what exactly--------- is
In my point of view (It) is nothing but ---------- (describe)
In _____________ give somebodys quote to extent the topic
It plays an important role in ---------------------/ it creates a bad impact on --------------------- not only on ------------ but also on ----------------
There are lot of (give its types) And describe each and every type (which/ who)
Advice with suitable examples with your describing (say ……………. (You) can -------------------
Give advices in your own life time examples (I have seen that many+ verb+ O( describe the verbs)
Explain each and every type
At first about -------------------- it is the one which (describe)
Then to talk about _______________ it + verb +----------- (describe)
Not only this there are also many (types/ problems/ advantages (and describe each and everything)
Then to talk about its advantages
It helps/ it is very useful for/ it provides+ object ( describe the object)
Now let me tell you about its dis advantages/ damages/ criticisms
It is -------------- describe if negative add not with supporting verbs
And my opinion about this topic is just to say that
Use auxiliary verbs for advicing using (must;should/have to/ only then we can -------------------------
If we discuss on this topic days and time is not enough so let me come back to the conclusion
That -------------------- it has to be developed / we should put an end to the -------------- by_ continuous sentences)
That’s all about it
Thank you
To talk about this topic
At first I would like to explain that what exactly--------- is
In my point of view (It) is nothing but ---------- (describe)
In _____________ give somebodys quote to extent the topic
It plays an important role in ---------------------/ it creates a bad impact on --------------------- not only on ------------ but also on ----------------
There are lot of (give its types) And describe each and every type (which/ who)
Advice with suitable examples with your describing (say ……………. (You) can -------------------
Give advices in your own life time examples (I have seen that many+ verb+ O( describe the verbs)
Explain each and every type
At first about -------------------- it is the one which (describe)
Then to talk about _______________ it + verb +----------- (describe)
Not only this there are also many (types/ problems/ advantages (and describe each and everything)
Then to talk about its advantages
It helps/ it is very useful for/ it provides+ object ( describe the object)
Now let me tell you about its dis advantages/ damages/ criticisms
It is -------------- describe if negative add not with supporting verbs
And my opinion about this topic is just to say that
Use auxiliary verbs for advicing using (must;should/have to/ only then we can -------------------------
If we discuss on this topic days and time is not enough so let me come back to the conclusion
That -------------------- it has to be developed / we should put an end to the -------------- by_ continuous sentences)
That’s all about it
Thank you
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